• The Physical Layer:     The devices themselves, such as computers, telephone handsets and systems, switches, routers, fax machines, handhelds, cell phones, pagers, etc.
   
• The Transport Layer:  The layer that moves voice and data from place to place via some combination of wires and cables that you or others own and wireless transmissions
   
• The Services Layer:   The combination of vendors and their offerings that you assemble to make the other two layers work.  These would include Internet Service Providers, Telephone companies, cellular phone service providers, data providers, networking managers/providers and their billing practices.

These layers are combined to determine the most efficient means in which to deliver essential services for you.  These layers combined may also provide a multitude of Telephony applications while eliminating old applications to fund them.

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